Reading Tips

IELTS Reading Questions Types: Tips and Information:

6/10/2019

IELTS Reading Questions Types: Tips and Information:

In IELTS Reading, there are different kinds of questions which are given in the ielts exam. You will usually get 3 or 4 types of questions in every passage. To ensure better score, you must practice each type of questions. Find the questions types below along with tips and techniques.

Heading Matching:
1. Try to understand the questions
2. find out the differences between the main idea and supporting idea
3. before reading heading, read the passage
4. before matching analyze the heading
5. read 1st two to three lines and last two to three lines
True/ False/ Not Given.... Yes/ No/ Not Given
1. try to understand the questions
2. it always follow the order
3. if you find similar information in the passage that is true
4. if you find contradictory information that is false
5. if you don’t find main statement of the questions, that is not given
Information Matching:
1. Read the 1st two line and last 2 line of the passage
2. it does not maintain sequence
3. Try to locate the information in the passage.
4. you might not use all the passage as all the paragraph never contain information
Summary Completion
1. first read the question with blank space
2. try to guess the idea
3. understand what type of word you need to fill the gap ( verb/adjective/ noun)
4. you might get sequence of the question most of the time
Sentence Completion
1. read the question with gap and find out what types of word are needed like noun verb and adjective
2. find out the key word in the passage
3. Look whether the sentences are grammatically correct.
4. This type of question maintains the sequence.
Multiple choice question: scan for the particular information find out the key words in the passage and read the sentence.Usually question maintains the sequence
Answering short questions:
1. identify the keywords
2. most of the answers will be in Noun
3. use scanning techniques
4. This type of question maintains the sequence
5. read the instruction to know how many words you should write for answer
Completing Diagram:
1. You will find the information in the particular one or two paragraph in the passage
2. Answer may not maintain sequence
3. Identify the word noun or verb to answer the questions
4. Read the instruction to write the number of words in your answer
Completing Follow Chart:
1. Answer may not maintain sequence
2. you should be careful about the instruction and direction in the follow chart
3. use scanning techniques
Completing table:
1. First read the heading of the column of the table
2. use scanning techniques
3. answers are usually located at the specific part of the passage
4. read the instruction to use the number of words
5. try to guess the topic
Matching Sentence Ending
1. First read the sentence and find out the key words in the passage.
2. Then read the whole sentence and come back to the question and read the ending of the sentence
3. after a brief analysis match the ending with the sentence
4. Sentence beginning maintains the sequence so try to find out the key word of the beginning sentence first.

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Cambridge IELTS 11 - Test 1 – Reading Passage- 1

6/27/2018

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Cambridge IELTS 11 - Test 1 – Reading Passage- 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage.

Crop-Growing Skyscrapers

By the year 2050, nearly 80% of the Earth’s population will live in urban centres. Applying the most conservative estimates to current demographic trends, the human population will increase by about three billion people by then. An estimated 109 hectares of new land (about 20% larger than Brazil) will be needed to grow enough food to feed them, if traditional farming methods continue as they are practised today. At present, throughout the world, over 80% of the land that is suitable for raising crops is in use. Historically, some 15% of that has been laid waste by poor management practices. What can be done to ensure enough food for the world’s population to live on? ...............1

The concept of indoor farming is not new, since hothouse production of tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. What is new is the urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate another three billion people. Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming is required, employing cutting-edge technologies. One such proposal is for the “Vertical Farm”. The concept is of multi-storey buildings in which food crops are grown in environmentally controlled conditions. Situated in the heart of urban centres, they would drastically reduce the amount of transportation required to bring food to consumers. Vertical farms would need to be efficient, cheap to construct and safe to operate. If successfully implemented, proponents claim, vertical farms offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of a safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops), and the eventual repair of ecosystems that have been sacrificed for horizontal farming. ..........................2

It took humans 10,000 years to learn how to grow most of the crops we now take for granted. Along the way, we despoiled most of the land we worked, often turning verdant, natural ecozones into semi-arid deserts. Within that same time frame, we evolved into an urban species, in which 60% of the human population now lives vertically in cities. This means that, for the majority, we humans have shelter from the elements, yet we subject our food-bearing plants to the rigours of the great outdoors and can do no more than hope for a good weather year. However, more often than not now, due to a rapidly changing climate, that is not what happens. Massive floods, long droughts, hurricanes and severe monsoons take their toll each year, destroying millions of tons of valuable crops. .........3

The supporters of vertical farming claim many potential advantages for the system. For instance, crops would be produced all year round, as they would be kept in artificially controlled, optimum growing conditions. There would be no weather-related crop failures due to droughts, floods or pests. All the food could be grown organically, eliminating the need for herbicides, pesticides and fertilisers. The system would greatly reduce the incidence of many infectious diseases that are acquired at the agricultural interface. Although the system would consume energy, it would return energy to the grid via methane generation from composting non-¬edible parts of plants. It would also dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping. .............4

A major drawback of vertical farming, however, is that the plants would require artificial light. Without it, those plants nearest the windows would be exposed to more sunlight and grow more quickly, reducing the efficiency of the system. Single-storey greenhouses have the benefit of natural overhead light: even so, many still need artificial lighting. A multi-storey facility with no natural overhead light would require far more. Generating enough light could be prohibitively expensive, unless cheap, renewable energy is available, and this appears to be rather a future aspiration than likelihood for the near future..... 5

One variation on vertical farming that has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on rails. Moving the trays allows the plants to get enough sunlight. This system is already in operation, and works well within a single-storey greenhouse with light reaching it from above: it is not certain, however, that it can be made to work without that overhead natural light. ..................6

Vertical farming is an attempt to address the undoubted problems that we face in producing enough food for a growing population. At the moment, though, more needs to be done to reduce the detrimental impact it would have on the environment, particularly as regards the use of energy. While it is possible that much of our food will be grown in skyscrapers in future, most experts currently believe it is far more likely that we will simply use the space available on urban rooftops. .................7

Questions 1-7

Complete the sentences below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

1.Some food plants, including.....…..are already grown indoors.

Key words: indoors
Strategies: Reading the first and last line of the para

In the first line of paragraph 2, there is “indoors” key words "The concept of  indoor farming is not new, since hothouse production of  tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time". That means tomatoes are grown with other plants.

So, the answer is............ tomatoes

2.Vertical farms would be located in ………, meaning that there would be less need to take them long distances to customers.

Key words: Vertical farm
Strategies: Only searching key words.

In the paragraph 2, we find the key words “One such proposal is for the “Vertical Farm”. The concept is of multi-storey buildings in which food crops are grown in environmentally controlled conditions. Situated in the heart of urban centres,”

Located= situated, so the answer is..... urban centres

3.Vertical farms could use methane from plants and animals to produce …………...

Key words: methane
Strategies: Searching key words

"Methane” keyword is found in paragraph 4. It says "Although the system would consume energy, it would return energy to the grid via methane generation from composting non-edible parts of plants" so
the answer is ……………: energy

4.The consumption of ……………………….. would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary.

Key words: vehicles ( look for synonym)
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph.

In the last line of the para 4   "It would also dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping"

Vehicles = tractors
So the answer is ………….. fossil fuels

5.The fact that vertical farms would need ….... light is a disadvantage.

Key words: light
Strategies: Only keyword strategies

The light keyword is found at the beginning of paragraph 5, "A major drawback of vertical farming, however, is that the plants would require artificial light"

So the answer is …………….. artificial

6.One form of vertical farming involves planting in …..which are not fixed.

Key words: No specific key words........ one form
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph

At the first line of the para 6 "One variation on vertical farming that has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on rails"

One form = One variation (synonym keywords not exact keywords)

So the answer is: (stacked) trays

7. The most probable development is that food will be grown on …….... in towns and cities.

Keywords: towns and cities (synonym will be found)
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph

At the last paragraph and in the last line "Most experts currently believe it is far more likely that we will simply use the space available on  urban rooftops"

towns and cities = urban

So the answer is ………: (urban) rooftops

Questions 8-13

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?

TRUE: if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE: if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN: if there is no information on this

8. Methods for predicting the Earth’s population have recently changed.

Key words: recently changed
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph

The first says that "applying the most conservative estimates to current demographic trends" to predict the future population. There is no mention of recent changes in population.

So the answer is ………: NOT GIVEN

9. Human beings are responsible for some of the destruction to food-producing land.

Key words: destruction. (Synonym keywords)
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph

The third para says "We despoiled most of the land we work, often turning verdant, natural ecozones into semi-arid deserts".

Synonym Keywords: despoiled= destruction
So the answer is ………: True

10. The crops produced in vertical farms will depend on the season.

Key words: seasons (synonym keyword)
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph

Paragraph   2 says “sustainable production of a safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops).’’ That means it never depend on season, it grows year round- all the year.

Depend on season = through year round. So information contradict.

So the answer is ………: False

11. Some damage to food crops is caused by climate change.

Key words: climate change
Strategies: 1st and last line of the paragraph

Last line of the paragraph 3 says "However, more often than not now, due to a rapidly changing climate, this is not what happens. Massive floods, long droughts, hurricanes and severe monsoons take their toll each year, destroying millions of tons of valuable crops".

So the answer is ………: True

12. Fertilizers’ will be needed for certain crops in vertical farms.

Key words: fertilizers

Fertilizers will be found in the middle of paragraph 4, "All the food could be grown organically, eliminating the need for herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers". So, there is no need for fertilizers to grow crops in vertical farms.”

The statement provides contradictory idea.
So the answer is ………: False

13. Vertical farming will make plants less likely to be affected by infectious diseases.

Key words:  infectious diseases

In middle of the paragraph 4, keyword fertilizer is found “The system would greatly reduce the incidence of many infectious diseases that are acquired at the agricultural interface".

So the answer is ………: True

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IELTS Reading Questions Types: Tips and Information:

Cambridge IELTS 11 - Test 1 – Reading Passage- 1

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